Improved apparatus for extracting paraffine



UNITED STATES J. E. MEEIAM, 0E CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IMPRovED APPARATUS F. oR ExTRAcTlNG, PARAFEiNi-:,f&c.,' i-RoMloing Speeiication forming part of Letters Patent No. 6 [,946, dated .February 12, 1837.

To all whom fit may concern ABe it known that l, J. B. MERIAM, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in an Apparatus for Extracting Paraftine, Stearine, &c., from Oils; and 1 do hereby declare that the following is a full and complete description of the construction and operation ofthe same, referencebeinghad to the accompanying drawings making a part of this specification, in which-` j Figure 1 is a side view of the press; Fig. 2 is a front view. Fig. 3 is a' top viewrof the same. Fig. 4 is a top view of the refrigerator. Fig. 5 is a side view of the same. Fig. 6 is a bucket to be referred to. i i

Likeletters of reference refer'` to like parts in the several views.

This apparatus consists of a press and refrigerator, and is constructed in the following manner:

I Thepress consists of a stron gsquare wooden frame, A,.Figs. l and 2, and is placed in a pan or receiver, B, which is lined with zinc or other suitable metal.` Both are then firmly secured to the floor or platform G. D is a cross-head, to which is attached thefollower E by means of the link F. The ends of the cross-head slide upward and downward between` the stanchions G, which serve asa guide for the movement of the head, and also to retain it inV its proper.-position. These stanchions are framed into cross-bars H, the

i upper one being the shortest, and is connected to the frame A by the hinge a, Fig. 2, so that it can be lifted up for a purpose hereafter shown. J is a shaftreachingacross the bottom of the press, and is connected to the crosshead D by the chain and loop KJ Lis a lever keyed to the end of the shaft J, and by which it is operated, as will hereafter be shown. M is a rope, one end of which is attached to thelever L, and extending from thence over the sheaves N, down to the windlass Q, Fig. 2, the purpose of which is` to raise the weighted lever L from a horizontal position to that shownin the drawing, 'andthereby operating the press, as will beA hereafter described. P is a barrel or cylinder, and is constructed of any `inegrained wood; or it may be of ironif wood, care being taken to have the grain run outward in its upward '.chafed by the follower show the flutes orribs b.

The follower E, above referred to,`/is so t" f tedlto the inside of the cylinder that thder pendent arms et between the ribscloselyf but not so closely asto prevent it from sliding, I.

`freely up and down within.` The arms are 'so made to lit close to the bottomof the flutes, y so that when the follower .is moving the facefj` ofthe ribs shall not touch the disk. to which.;` i the arms are connectd,and which disk forms?` the head of the follower; hence,`by this meansg the face of the ribsisl prevented from being" rubbing against it while" in operation. ein.

Having thus described the construction and y arrangement ofthe press, I will now describe the refrigerator, which consists of a strongj wooden tank, Q, Fig. 5, the height of which f being some four or live feet, and thelengthl g according to the number and capa-city of the` presses used.- This tank is provided with an 1` inneror false bottom, R, Fig. 4, and is pery` Between this inner and"` the outer bottoln'isa space, to which reference will hereafter be made. i Within the tank isf arranged a number of galvanized-iron casesl or cylinders, S, which stand upon the per- Vforated bottom, "and are of about uthe same` height ofthe tank. A few `only are shown in l The whole tank, however, is supposed tobe filled with the casesin the forated with holes.

the drawing.

Sallie order. i

Any number of tanks may be constructed and arranged in the same way,`according tolg the capacity or number of presses run inthe, i

works.

- The eases, when properly arranged, arethen l* y filled withoil by Imeans of the conducting-.I1 y pipe T, leading directly from the oil-vats f above, and, whenffulhthe interstiees between them are lled upwith a freezing'mixture off By this means the u temperature of the oil is quickly reduced tofaj." degree ranging from 100 to150 Fahrenheit.l A

pounded ice and salt.

this temperature it is quite thick or solid@ It is then taken fromthe cases and put intothef valve above referred to, and when fullI itv isf then withdrawn, and the contents emptied into a strongcanvas bag, which is then securely tied and placed in the cylinder P. First, :however, the cylinder` is lined with a thick canvas,- and the bag placed within, so that Vit does not touch the sides directly. The contents of onecase fill three bags. This constitutes thefirst layer of bags, and then another layer of bags,

86e., three layers filling the cylinder The lining of the cylinder referred to yis-then drawn over the top and the follower drawn down upon it. The power of the press is thenapplied by thelever L, which, on being` brought-downward by the weight Wpcauses the chainto wlnd around the shaft J, and in: so doing draws down the cross-head, forcing therebyl the follower down upon the-bags, the degree of pressure being as the distance of the weight from the fulcrum.

It will be seen that the dependentarms of v thel follower pass down betweenv the sides of the-cylinder and the bags,jand between the'Y ribs; hence the contact of the bags';with the;v cylinder isonly on' theface-of the ribsyand" that the follower does not touch the r-ibs at any point on their faces. Thereforethereis no chatng or rubbing of them, so' astocausesplinters to penetrate or tear the bags,.and thereby allow the oilto escape. By thisfmeans thei-nside of the cylinder is at all times kept smooth, and the parts of which in contact with the bags freefrom thel follower, by the arms pressing against the-"bogtftom-of the flutes, which constitute thesides of the cylinder.

In order to'lessen the-frictionof theicrosshead, caused by its lateralV pressure exerted against the guides or stanchions G whilein YYoperation, friction-rollers'are so placedon thecrosshead as to roll against the inside of the stanchions. These rollers are indicated b the dotted line c,Fig.-2.

When the lever L has dropped' toa horizontal position by the expressing of the oil, it-is the rope and windlass above described.v This the oil has been extracted, the oil as it is pressed out from the cylinder th-rough apertures made in the side of the bottom into the pan B, by means of which it is conducted into barrels or otherwise disposed of. When the process of pressing has been completed, the follower is then drawn from the cylinder by the rope d, and the stanchions lifted up out of the way by thevrope e. The cylinder isthen turned over, and the bags removed and again' filled (by, others, as before described, andl the.

The thick Oil' is" pressingpower applied, as in the former case.

.As fast as the cases-are emptied ofthe cliilled oilv they are again lled 4and covered', and

`the interstices" between Which at all timesl "kept'ful'lnf the freezing-mixture.

The' ice as it melts flows off through the perforated botjtom referred to, and out of the spout f, Fig. 4,

into the sewer. By this means the mixtureis kept free from water, and, 1n consequence,

f much cooler.

lt is a well-known fact that winter-pressed oils are much more limpid, and better for lubricating and illuminating purposes, than oils ,pressed in the summer, for the reasons that oils pressed in the winter and at low temperature contain less parafline and stearine than oils pressed at high temperatures. I-t-is owing to the presence of this para-ffmc and stearine that oils chill any thicker in cold weather; hence they will .not flow from the cans, there-- by rendering them'useless for the-purpose of.

lubrication; but by pressing them under a low temperature, which can be eas-ilydone in the Winter season,nearly if notquite all the parafline andstearine is left in the press, and

the oil thus obtained will stand a-degree `of lcold without thickeningthat will render them f1t\for railway machineryI or machinery exposed to the cold weather.. As above remarked,

lwhen oils are pressed ina warm temperature,

the parafline and stearineare'in a fluid state,` Qandfflow out from the press-alongwith the oil 5 but when pressed under low temperature, the paraftlne and*- stearineare thickor solid, and

remainl in the press while the oil ows o". In order to accomplish the latter result in warm weathenas in summer, I subject the crude oil` to the influence of the freezing-mixture in thevmanner above described. Thereby pressing thesamefand by having'the cylinder tight, whereby the lbags'are excludedfrom the.

air, and'L by this kepteolder for a much longer vspace oftime-than could be by theoldj p ress,

also by the greater facilityl of getting the oil intothe press,-and=by increasing the'power of. lthesame by reducing the friction by the in. troduc-tion of the frictionirollersl am enabled to manufacturewinter-strained oil allvthe year round'. again raised up for a still further pressing by 'What I claim as my improvement, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, iswinding up of the leverv is repeateduntil- 'all 1. The sta-nchions'G,pulleys d, N, and O,-

`as arranged in combination with the frames A a-nd pan B,-for the purpose-and in the manner setforth.

2'. The cross-head D, friction-rollers c', in combination with theV stanchions G, as arranged and operated' by the links K and le- 6. The cases S, buckets U, in combination with the tank Q and freezing-mixture, for the purpose and in the manner asdesc'ribed.

t J. B. MERIAM.

Witnesses: .t

W. H. BURRIDGE, J. H. BURRIDGE. 

